THE SCIENCE BEHIND ANTI-AGING THERAPIES: CELLULAR MECHANISMS, CLINICAL ADVANCES, AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
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Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process marked by the gradual decline of physiological function, increasing the risk of chronic disease and mortality. Recent advances in molecular biology have uncovered critical mechanisms underlying aging, such as telomere shortening, epigenetic drift, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence. Anti-aging therapies now aim to target these hallmarks with strategies including caloric restriction mimetics, senolytics, stem cell therapy, NAD⁺ boosters, and gene editing. This review explores the cellular basis of aging, evaluates the scientific validity of current interventions, and assesses their translational potential. By bridging fundamental science with clinical innovation, anti-aging research offers new hope for promoting healthspan and longevity.
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